Securing the Mobile Enterprise with Network-Based Security and Cloud

Questions: 1. Using the university network, search the IEEE digital library to find: a) Provide a full reference to the paper in the Harvard referencing style. Provide a brief explanation on the process used to find the paper. b) Write a critical summary of the paper covering the following aspects: a. What the most significant points are b. Implications of this paper for networking professionals c. Implications for a small company d. How they have referenced the work of others e. How well the authors have presented their work 2. The law firm currently has two sites one in Durham (Remote Office) and the other in Sunderland (Main Office). Create IP addressing schemes for the Main and Remote Office sites: All departments need to be in separate subnets. The external IP address for Main is 97.1.2.0/24, and for the remote office is 32.11.41.0/24. Use IP version 4 private addressing ranges within your networks (your choice as to which ones) and show how Network Address Translation (NAT) and Port Addr ess Translation (PAT) could be used to enable the connection of the external sites. Head Office : Lawyers (16 users) PAs (16 users) Customer Services (2 users) IP phones (up to 42 users) Finance (2 users)
Remote Office : Admin (2 users) Technical support (2 users) IP phones (up to 42 users) Home based workers (up to 32 users) Answers: 1. a. De Los Reyes, G., Macwan, S., Chawla, D., Serban, C. (2012). Securing the Mobile Enterprise with Network-Based Security and Cloud Computing. IEEE Xplore, Sarnoff Symposium (SARNOFF).[Online] 35, pp.1-5. Retrieved from https://web2.research.att.com/techdocs/TD_100802.pdf [accessed 1 April 2015].b. a. What the most significant points are The most significant points discussed in this paper are dealing with the security of the company exclusive data over the wireless network. The paper focuses on the various aspects of using a Virtual Private Network for sharing the information between various levels of the organization. This allows faster communication of information within the organizational network, but this also poses threat to the information. Earlier complex LAN structures were in use to connect various systems in the organization, providing security features using the DMZ policies. But as the communication system started growing, complex LAN structure began losing its value , as most of the communication is now based on mobile network. Smartphones, tablets, PDAs are the new generation tools for communicating with the business network. Providing company secure data to these devices without posing any threat to the data is a challenging task, and is not possible to be achieved by using old LAN structure. So, the security analysts came up with new ideas to make this become a reality. Combining the Cloud system with modern day security protocols has the potential to deliver the data securely to any mobile device. Use of Virtual Private Gateways has strengthened the security parameter of Cloud security, as now by using VPG an organization can limit the access to the content according to usage permission. The security is now basically on the cloud, and VPG is used as a channel to reach their, so now only policies are need to be designed for various user levels, thus providing better security over mobile devices with less complex structure.b. Implications of this paper for networking professionalsThis paper focuses about the various security loopholes present in the earlier models of networking, when used with modern day technology. Complex LAN structures, DMZ policies, etc. are a tale of the past now, and have almost lost their value in present day communication world. Now most of the corporate work is done over mobile devices, where these policies of the past find no fit. There is a need for developing new security policies or measures to counter the data theft attack in the mobile network via use of third party applications. One possible and the most promising way is described in this paper, that is the use of cloud storage, coupled with security at gateway and tunnel level, to keep the data entry and exit secure. A Virtual Private Gateway is used to monitor the traffic coming over the companys network, it also acts as a firewall to route the traffic originating from any third party software installed on the mobile device to another location. Data is secure over cloud storage and could be accessed from anywhere, using the access level specified to an individual by the organization.Industry analyst has raised issues of privacy concerns as the important barrier in adapting cloud computing in an enterprise. Thus to gain trust of the organization the technology of cloud should be able to provide levels of security and privacy , make system capable to resist threats and thus provide reliable storage to data and information. Figure 1: intersection of privacy and security needed to build trust in cloud applications The benefits of using the network security model proposed are as follows: It shall increase the trust and Longevity in the Marketplace. Customer satisfaction over Quality Solution Streamlined process and ensuring privacy.c. Implications for a small company The security features demonstrated here are well suited for companies with big budget for their security concerns, and a huge workforce who needs to access the data of the company over the move. Such companies have huge amount to spend over cloud storage or maintaining data servers. Small companies find it difficult to manage funds for obtaining such a high level of security, and although it is also not of so good use to small organizations, as the company size is small so there is not much need of transferring confidential data over the net. Here previous technologies could be used to provide security of the network. To conclude, use of cloud storage and VPG is not an economically viable option for small companies. d. How they ha ve referenced the work of others [1] William R. Cheswick and Steven M. Bellovin. Firewalls and Internet Security: Repelling the Wily Hacker. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA,1st edition, 1994.[2] Steven M. Bellovin, Clouds from Both Sides, IEEE Security Privacy,vol. 9, no. 3, May--June, 2011.Referencing is good where in the writers have referred to needed authors with respect to security, internet and clouds. This referencing displays the confidence and originality of the writers.e. How well the authors have presented their workThe authors have presented the work very efficiently. The paper is divided into segments, dealing with specific information of that segment. Use of figures and tables is very effective to demonstrate the working of the previously popular network security protocols and their effects and drawbacks, and contrasting them with the newly developed model of network security using cloud and VPG, describing its effects and constraints. Table has been used to contrast the difference between the new and old technology. In short, data presentation is very effective in this paper, keeping the reader engrossed till end and providing specialist knowledge to the readers about the topic, keeping the language simple and easy to understand by a beginner too.Answer 2: The law firm currently has two sites one in Durham (Remote Office) and the other in Sunderland (Main Office). The external IP address for Main is 97.1.2.0/24, and for the remote office is 32.11.41.0/24.Now using IP version 4 private addressing ranges within networks following IP addresses can be described for the organization. Main Office (97.1.2.0/24) For Main Office here we are using a class B Address for networking Class B Address 192.168.1.0 Head Office Requirement No. Of Users Required Range of IP Address Used This network address Broadcast address Lawyers 16 192.168.1.2 - 192.168.1.19 192.168.1.0 192.168.1.20 PAs 16 192.168.2.1 - 192.168.2.19 192.168.2.0 192.168.1.20 Customer Service 2 192.168.3.1 -192.168.3.3 192.168.3.0 192.168.1.4 IP Phones 42 192.168.4.1 -192.168.4.43 192.168.4.0 192.168.1.44 Finance 2 192.168.5.1 -192.168.5.3 192.168.5.0 192.168.1.4 Remote Office (32.11.41.0/24) For Remote Office here we are using a class B Address for networking Class B Address 192.169.1.0 Remote Office Requirement No. Of Users Required Range of IP Address Used This network address Broadcast address Admin 2 192.169.1.1 -192. 169.1.3 192. 169.1.0 192. 169.1.4 Technical Support 2 192. 169.2.1 -192. 169.2.3 192. 169.2.0 192. 169.2.4 IP Phones 42 192. 169.3.1 -192. 169.3.43 192. 169.3.0 192. 169.3.44 Home Based Workers 32 192. 169.4.1 -192. 169.4.35 192. 169.4.0 192. 169.4.36 Following figure gives the required network layout for the organization References 1. De Los Reyes, G., Macwan, S., Chawla, D., Serban, C. (2012). Securing the Mobile Enterprise with Network-Based Security and Cloud Computing. IEEE Xplore, Sarnoff Symposium (SARNOFF).[Online] 35, pp.1-5. Retrieved from https://web2.research.att.com/techdocs/TD_100802.pdf [accessed 1 April 2015].2. Secure, private, and trustworthy:enterprise cloud computing with Force.com(2015),Retrieved from https://www.salesforce.com/assets/pdf/misc/WP_Forcedotcom-Security.pdf3. Figure1: Secure, private, and trustworthy:enterprise cloud computing with Force.com(2015),Retrieved from https://www.salesforce.com/assets/pdf/misc/WP_Forcedotcom-Security.pdf

Imani Tunstall Essays - Religion, Indian Religions,

Imani Tunstall Tanya Van Duyn 10th grade history October 10,2017 have you ever done something good like help someone with something and then something good happens to you whether it is in this life or the next ?well that is called karma.there is good karma and there is bad karma but either way it all comes back to you.karma is what people who believe in Hinduism. hinduism is the overlapping belief of diverse group that settled in ancient India and does not have a single founder and doesn't have a single text that is scared to the people who believe in this religion, later people migrated into South Asia brought other belief making Hinduism the worlds most complex religion with countless gods and goddess, many different forms of worship but all Hindus do share the same basic beliefs which is everything in the universe is apart of the unchanging all powerful spiritual force brahman.

The Green Mile (book) essays

The Green Mile (book) essays He wore chains on his arms and across his water barrel of a chest; He wore legirons on his ankles and shuffled a chain between them that sounded like cascading coins as it ran down the lime-coloured corridor between the cells You have just been introduced to the man who was convicted of raping and murdering two young girls, the man who was convicted to meet Old Sparkey on death row (The Green Mile), you have just met John Coffey. The Green Mile is Death row at Cold Mountain Penitentiary, it holds such condemned killers like Wild Billy Wharton and the possessed Cajun Eduard Delacroix with his pet mouse. The new inmate, John Coffey, seems to strike an emotional chord with the head prison guard, Paul Edgecombe, an understanding character but an unfortunate victim of a urinary infection. The minute Coffey is introduced to his cell he seems to break down and on being asked if he had any questions he replied Do you leave a light on after bedtime... Because I get a little scared in the dark sometimes, if its a strange place. This worried, discouraged voice is of a convicted killer but Paul Edgecombe seems to think otherwise. When reading this I seemed to feel sorry for John Coffey because he appears to be emotionally distraught and doesnt contain the mind and conscience of a killer. When Coffey is told to sleep he lay on his bed, feet hanging off the end, and silently started to weep. This part made the reader feel quite sorry for John Coffey as it becomes apparent that John could be innocent and he is going through hell in prison. It makes you wander that if John Coffey should be there. The story starts to turn when John Coffey asks Paul Edgecombe to approach his cell because Coffey claims to feel and know about Edgecombes pain. As Edgecombe draws nearer to the cell, Coffey sits up He patted the mattress beside him, his eyes never once leaving mine Paul Edgec...

Biography of presidential candidate Barack Obama Essay

Biography of presidential candidate Barack Obama - Essay Example As for his personal life, his parents got separated when he was merely 2 years old and they divorced at a later stage. His mother remarried and moved to Indonesia in the year 1967 where Obama attended local schools at Jakarta and then returned to Honolulu to spend his time with his grandparents as he attended school from the fifth grade onwards. He graduated from high school in 1979. (Curry, 2004) Obama went ahead towards Los Angeles where he got enrolled at Occidental College and then made his way towards New York City to transfer his educational qualifications at the Columbia University. Barack Obama majored in political science and his specialization was within international relations subject. He worked at Business International Corporation and later switched to New York Public Interest Research Group. He also taught constitutional law at the University of Chicago Law School for a period of 12 years and became a lecturer for another 4 years. After this, he was appointed as Senior Lecturer for 8 years. He is also a member of a number of companies and sits at the board of governors/directors for them. Some of these companies include Public Allies Chicago, Woods Fund, The Joyce Foundation, Chicago Annenberg Challenge, Chicago Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights Under Law and a few others. The dominating impression about Obama is that he will bring about a change and this is the aspect that he is highlighting the most. He has awakened a new sense of energy within the people through his refreshing and innovative ideas. Critics seem to think of him as an immature President to-be but then again some are supporting him for the mere reason of change that Obama has clung on to for so long now. Obama supports the basis of a free market for America as well as encourages the widespread economic security basis all over the world. Obama is of the view that terror can only be curtailed if the perspective of the terrorists could be

Competition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Competition - Essay Example The regulations are put in place to help reduce the conflicts in the commercial; procedures like those of maximizing profits. The entities may require raising the profits and the only way they find to do this is to raise the prices of their products where the burden ends up with the people. The government, therefore, comes in and regulates this to avoid conflicts as well as to ensure that the functioning of the business is taken care of. These regulations come with laws like the minimum wage laws which act in the same way as minimum price laws. When this is implemented, workers who produce less than the minimum wages are laid off leading to unnecessary unemployment. The market efficiency and transparency reduces due to these regulations especially if they work against insider trading. The result of this is that the share price becomes higher than that which would have been if the insiders were allowed to use their information. Inadvertently, the outsiders who were to be protected end s up paying higher prices for the same shares and loses more than they would actually have lost. These regulations have led to market imbalance in some cases. If the amount demanded and supplied is the same and the regulations bring about a fall in the prices, then the supply will reduce and the demand will increase. To solve these imbalances, there have arisen cases of black markets and other dubious means of avoiding the effects of the regulations. Monopoly market structures are the most affected by these regulations as they work independently. The government advocates for the customers to have access to their information, set the price controls and also regulate their operations in the countries of operations. The effect of these is that new markets are opened that bring about competition and thereby increased efficiency and quality services. There is liberalization which is promoted that leads to the mobility of labor, financial capital, goods and services. These bring about new businesses into the industry and intensify competition. [Djankov, Simeon et al, 2002] The competitive market structures are effected through the laws that govern their operations and competitive strategies. Certain acts are prohibited like setting very low prices to accrue short term losses at the expense of the other competitors so that they may even end up closing down. The regulations also govern the number of similar businesses in a certain area. The monopolistically competitive markets have been forced to provide enough information regarding their products. In these markets the consumers have relied on the advertisements which sometimes have given a super perspective of the products. The government regulation has had to control the prices in these firms because in the long run, these firms set prices that are very low to kick out their rivals from the market through their slightly differentiated products which is prohibited. Sometimes these firms set high prices especially bec ause the marginal cost is less than the price in the long run. In a monopsony, the government works together with a monopsonist consumer to ensure that the partial regulations are in place to work at the right time. The government analyses how the consumer is to be protected and also when there should be the intervention from other sources. The second market structure that also faces regulation is an oligopoly market structure. This market structure involves a situation which falls in between perfect competition and monopoly. It refers to few firms

Environmental Impact on Retail Estate Business

Environmental Impact on Retail Estate Business What promotional strategies can be undertaken when environmental factors affect real estate business? Case study of â€Å"Magical Homes in London and Dubai† ABSTRACT Real estate business is one of biggest market of the business world, contained the largest surplus money of the business. The history of the real estate business is very strange and unpredictable. No doubt is slow moving industry with respect to time but it carries a lot. Past experiences shows that property investment was the first and safest priority in all over the world for long term investments and profit making business. Where the property investors has seen the huge profits there was also a slumps in the property market which made the real estate business an anonymous business. There were number of environmental factors behinds the uncertainty of the real estate business which influenced in the shape of recession, natural disasters, economic condition, political instability and some time in the shape of sports event like Olympics hit the real estate market positively and negatively. On time decisions and effective management can make things easier. Promotion plans and strategies can reduced the impact of environmental factors on the real estate business. This study was about learnt the past experiences and to find out the impact of new environmental factor and their influenced on the real estate market. The aims of the study was to learnt the behaviour of the environmental factors in the modern age with respect of politically, economically, sociologically, technologically and legally. Even in the modern world an other emerging factor was the hosting of sports events like Olympics and worst factor in the history was the recession which influenced the real estate market in very unexpected manners. The objectives of the study was to study the promotional plans and strategies which could be the best deal to reduced the impact of such environmental factors and to enhance the believe of the investors and builder to come forward and join the world leading business for huge profits and gaining. The on time decisions and the suggested strategy can raise the investment in the real estate business. The conclusion and recommendation can explain the objectivity of the study in a comprehensive manner. Chapter one 1 Introduction Real estate property business has a very interesting history of its own. It is a very uncertain and unpredictable market and because of its strangeness, this international business market is very charming for investors and entrepreneurs. The investments in this market usually much higher than expected therefore a huge surplus of money is still lying in this business market. Despite of recent terrible crash of real estate business, still got a large investment to spend. People visiting around the world for peace and looking for luxury living at minimum cost or affordable cost, So customers and investors need to know the ups and downs of the market in the mirror of past, present and future, no doubt its not perfectly doable but at least the research like this can make the investors wiser and predictable and they can think either their investments are in right direction or they going to make a dumb decision. There are number of factors which influence the real estate market directly and indirectly. This research would be the comprehensive discussion of these environmental factors like location, type of land, weather, culture, languages and legal property laws of that particular state. This study would be a revolution in the understanding of real estate property business. Affordable plans, promotions and advertisement can help to guide the investors in the right direction. In todays real estate market every investor is looking for a competitive price to gain a profit as well as the service provider company should be the responsible for the successful delivery of the project, after sales support services, dedicated advantages comes in houses, arrangement of resale of the property, arrangement of rental services and all other strategies which designed to help the investor in order to maximise the return on investments. So this kind of strategies can be undertaken in order to gain trust of investors. 1.1 Background of the study The current situation of real estate property business is very important after a terrible recession (2008-2009) in all over the world. The economic condition of the world developed countries is poor and struggling to get better environment for investments. This situation creates a compotation between the land giants but here the situation is different as we saw, State of Emirates getting better and have a sound position in terms of real estate property business infect Dubai got the attraction of the world investors and entrepreneurs because its past planning and attention in this market. Free hold property law of Emirates in 2003 has changed from its present condition and they are changing the map of the world in the shape of luxurious living, large resorts of islands, desserts villas, world tallest buildings, under water hotel and many more attractions made real estate property business in ‘Dubai a great success story. On the other hand in London situation has changed. After a terrible recession of (2008-2009) which had a worst impact on United Kingdom than European Union .UK is a huge economy of the world and has the opportunity to lead the world. The real estate property business in this country had faced the worst ever condition but now it is getting better day by day and it is going towards the peak point again. UK got the opportunity to host the Olympics 2012 in London. Olympics 2012 such a huge project with operating cost of  £580 millions and it could be increase than the expected cost. Comparison of real estate market of emerging city Dubai and developed country UK has raised many questions in the mind of investors, as time to time both countries has hit by the environmental factors like economic factors, political factors, social factors, cultural and legal factor. The uncertain situation of real estate market has created an economical crisis, because the financial institutions became tougher, the banks became stricter and this situation has affected the potential investors. In this situation real estate companies and the investors needs to adopt the attractive and affordable promotion plans that can develop the interest of investors and buyers. Theses plans and strategies can help to reduce the impact of environmental factors on the business of real estate market. 1.2 Research Background Jones, Lang, Lassalle entitled has given a report called ‘Reaching Beyond the Gold: The Impact of the Olympics on Real Estate Markets examines the impact of staging the Olympics on recent host cities and looks ahead to 2012.It shows that sports event like this has an impact not only on the real estate property business but also on the every institutions of the country. Past experiences shows a positive impact on the property like the prices of property in Sydney is still rising and even the prises are 50% higher than before. So the major impact of events like Olympics is on real estate property business which could be helpful to improve the prices of property after recession. London and Dubai, both of the cities have got their own entity in the market of real estate property business. Past experiences showed that the people of the urban areas have been moving towards rural areas and there were a number of reasons behind this migration. Even in last decade people like to buy or rent their properties in countries like Dubai. In case of city like London the situation will change because of the environmental factor has changed the economic, political, social and legal conditions of the country. UK has improved economically in last few months and the real estate market getting better especially in London and investors has risen dramatically since recession over and being the host city of Olympics. 1.3 Organisation Background This study has a case study of â€Å"Magical homes Dubai†, is a London based company, who dealing with the investors from all around the world, they offering them advice in off-plan, resale, renting or buying property. They are offering their services in UAE and especially in Dubai for buying, selling, renting, reselling of houses, apartment, offices, villas and commercial spaces. ‘Magical homes Dubai provided services to the customers from last ten years, is an expert in providing investment property in UAE and London. In addition providing investors with exclusive and the uniqueness in providing highly sought after property option with the best customer service is the core operation. 1.4 Rationale for the chosen topic The main reason of the topic to be chosen that the demand of the profession and the scope of profession are very high despite of bad turns real estate property business has a vast field of business. Living of people has changed completely and its need to change further in future which opens the new horizons in real estate property business. Infect both the developed and under developed countries have a huge market in real estate business and its growing day by day with passage of increase in population of the world, in other words shelter is the basic need of life and its never gone to end. So its a profession of life and it has a wide scope in international business. Currently if take a look on trends and developments of any country then its easy to say that the real estate property business plays a vital rule in assessment of the countrys economic condition. The real estate property business depends on different environmental factors which are important to study and need to have a good knowledge about so the investment needs to be invest in the right place, for this purpose of knowing this study could be a mile stone. This study would be helpful in the decision making and to find out the save investment plan on the international level. Although, Real estate property business has effected by different environmental factors directly and indirectly but critical analysis of these environmental factors in the light of past and present can make the decision making quite easier for the future prediction. Comparison of big markets like London and Dubai can make the job easier for the investors and entrepreneurs to find out the right choice around the world. 1.5 Statement of the problem World become a global market, any company can make strategy for its local market and the strategy to hit the international market but in this case there could be various environmental factors involved which influence the business either domestic level or international level. Theses environmental factors could be economical, political, social, cultural and legal factors. This study can help to understand the emerging problems of the real estate property business market. The population of any country shows the appreciation of the people and the development in the real estate property business show the growing power. The population of London was more than 8 million and its expected to be rise in the near future. After the recovery of economic crises the real estate property business has grown up and prices of the market is getting better and there will a positive chances of incoming investment for the near future because of the Olympics 2012. On the other hand Dubai has increasing popul ation of 1.5 million which is expected to exceed 1.9 million in 2010. With the increase in population has directly effect the demand of property so the study can guide the investors and the financial institutions that which strategies could be helpful for new plans and promotions. 1.6 Research aims and objectives This study contains a couple of aims and objectives but theses points cover a comprehensive study of knowledge which can provide a handsome idea to the investors and the entrepreneurs around the world.  · To examine the investors behaviour when environmental factors affect the development in the real estate sector. * To analyse the impact of environmental factors on the real estate business internally and externally * To find out the new strategies which could be helpful to reduce the negative influence of environmental factors * To explore the promotional strategies that can be undertaken to help the real estate companies to overcome the crisis  · To determine the new promotional strategies that can be attractive and feasible for the investors internationally The aims and objectives of the study is dame clear as it represents the importance and significance of the study. Real estate property business covers a big surplus of the business and it need to be study in terms of save and profit making business. So facts and s of this market are very uncertain and factors involved in the uncertainty of the market need to be study. These factors could be economic, geographical, cultural, demographical, legal and political. So the economic factor is very important in the real estate property market, it directly influence the price of the property, if the economic condition of that particular is not that well then the prices of the property could be lower than the expected prices but most of that type case the demand goes higher than higher but the supply of the property goes down and down. The political factor is the most affective factor in environmental factors, as the political condition of any country or state has a direct impact on the economic condition, so the more stability condition of the country leads the country towards the most stable place. The geographical factor is also an important factor in the real estate property market as it has direct impact on it, as the location of the property lies in the developed country then the prices and demand of that particular property goes high, and if the geographically it lies in the under developed country then the demand and prices goes down. The factor of the culture has a impact on the real estate property business market, as the culture is the representative of any population if the population have a culture of luxurious life style then the market of the real estate property business will be higher but if it prevail in lower standard living then the real estate property business growth will be lower. Demographical factor is very important factor of the real estate property business market because it has a direct influence with the real estate property business market like the first step of the building of a new housing unit is to commission the demographical study of that particular area, which shows the current population, density and the growth of the population, the age distribution of the population, the average size of the household, the race of the population, the sex of the population and the local market of the population, so demographic factor has its own importance. The factor like legal condition of that particular area plays a very important rule, if the legal condition of the state is worthy, provides facilities to the both buyers and sellers then it can create a big market and can attract the investors but if the legal condition is not that flexible then the investors can never be interested in such type of market. The seasonal factor has a very important place in the history of the real estate business market and it can change the destiny of the nation, as seen in the past that the seasonal events like Olympics had a positive effect on the real estate business market. The objectives of the studies are very clear which lead the study toward desirable results. This study basically provides the feasibility of the real estate property market in the new era of world. It has also conducted to find out the potential of the real estate property market either its a worthy business of market or dumb way of caring a business. This research will provides a brief but a comprehensive outline and relative concerns of the real estate property business market, which includes the brief knowledge of the market sector that how it can work? The pros and cons of the real estate property market, how the demand can be show?, how the property did suit the requirement of the investor?, how the offer can be made?, how to negotiate with the seller?, how the deal can be finalize the deal?, how to meet the legal laws of that particular part of the world?, how to make sure that the property is free hold or lease property?, how the survey of the property can be done?, how the demand and supply can be calculated?, how the demand and supply effect the prices of the property? Etc. it also includes the information about the financial estimate of the property that is very helpful to understand the feasibility of any property matches with the need of investors. It also includes the knowledge of the human resource that is required f or the investment and maintains of the property. 1.7 Structure of the dissertation 1.7.1 First chapter is introduction about the research work, tell about the research topic, its background, history, importance, aims and objective of the study, statement of the problem, scope of the study and then the structure of the study that how the reader can go through the study and find the guide for next study. 1.7.2 Second chapter This chapter was the literature review of the study, which gives the brief but comprehensive guide of the study that has a complete knowledge about the research that was done in respect of the topic chosen. 1.7.3 Third chapter This chapter is regarding the research methodology used in this study and has followed the recommended ‘harwared style of referencing and research process and eventually select the method of the research used to get the primary data and processed the secondary data. 1.7.4 Fourth chapter This chapter was about the outcomes and finding knowledge of the research study made, which gave a comprehensive idea of the solution of the problem. 1.7.5 Fifth Chapter This chapter was about the conclusion and recommendation of the study. The conclusion of the study was about the guideline for problems solution and some suggestions for the company or any other institution having same kind of difficulties and the recommend the way for further studies. Chapter Two 2 Literature Review In previous chapter of introduction presented the basic theme of this study that what has been discussed in the rest of the study. It showed the main aims and objectives and what research question have discussed to find the objectives of the study. In this chapter of literature review, a strong formation of knowledge and the efforts made in this study or the related study will be discussed that leads towards the finding and conclusion of the research work. Promotional strategies can be undertaken when environmental factors affect the real estate business and it is the phenomenon of every business that promotion plans and strategies like market pull and product push strategies could be helpful to make good business strategies accordingly. * A process can be a push operates as long as there all the goods or services to be processed, a system is said to be operate push if all its stages are push. * A process can be operate pull if it is dictated to work or remain idle because of the feedback from downstream. So the system is called pull operates if all the stages are pull. (Brassington and Pettitt, 2007). Push and pull strategy (Brassington and Pettitt, 2007) PUSH PULL 2.1 PESTLE Analysis of the real estate business 2.1.1 Introduction While analysing the factors affecting the real estate industry, it is vital to over look the factors that in one way or another affect the number of important variables that have there influence on the specific business or organisations supply and demand and its cost (Katter and Schlesinger, 1991; Johnson and Scholes, 1993). The radical ongoing recession in the entire business world brings change in the society and customers behaviour towards their purchasing power and on real estate has its wide spread affect. (Tsiakkiros, 2002) Number factors been catalogues have possible issues addressed in the recent days which directly or indirectly affect the industry. PEST analysis is one of them which categories environmental influence as political, economic, social and technological forces. In recent studies two additional factors of environmental and legal added to make it PESTLE analysis. Analysis and impact of these factors will be examined and to observe their affect on the entire indust ry later the findings will be used to make the contingency plans against the threats to the business strategy and its growth plans (Byars, 1991; Copper, 2000). According to Kotler(1998) PEST analysis is very influential tool for making business strategies for making growth and to understand the reasons for decline , positioning the product in the market, enhancing the product offer and its promotions, seeking the potential market and direction for operation. PEST is usually applied by companies for reviewing the business direction, and marketing proposition. Real estate business enhance its fortune in the modern world by this influential tool of PEST for making strategic planning , business and product development, and also for affective research of the market. PEST also ensures to the businesses that their performance in the market is aligned in positive direction while having the powerful forces of change which affect the business environment (Porter, 1985). PEST also helpful for the businesses which are which are new in the market operations in a very new market or country. Concluding the basic concept of PEST, it helps to effectively ch ange to the realities of the new environment. Main aspects of PEST analysis includes: 2.1.2 Political Government policies which include tax policy, employment laws, trade restrictions, reforms, tariffs and political stability influence many other environmental factors which can affect the organisations performance. Policies like European countries join the single European currency or remain outside. There are many other aspects in which government policies will affect the organisation and the countrys economic situation a as a whole as they provide opportunities and threats. Where capital markets responsible for determining the for the alternatives for funding the organisations and business and they are under control of the governments policies. Even in UK Bank of England, which also influenced by the government policies like rate of interest charged for the loans some times determined by the government. Thompson (2002), refers capital markets will be more buoyant when government spending increase the money supply. Company performance according to the shareholders expectations, their decisions to sell the companies shares and willingness for providing more equity will also be affected by the government policies. Labour market which represents the national and regional availability of specific skills which all influenced by the government and other regional agencies. The power of trade unions and inflation which influenced on labour cost all affect the business environment in one way or other. 2.1.3 Economical The economic condition which affects every business that how much its easy to flourish the business in easy economic conditions and what difficulties a business can face during the recession period of the economy . Economic conditions affect the success and profitability of the business at any time as it affects the capital availability, cost and product demand (Thompson, 2002). The timing factor for the investment also influenced by the economic conditions. When the economy as a whole or certain part of the economy sectors growing demand may exist for the product and services which are not in demand in economic recession circumstances. Recession and downturn situation in the economy is bad for most of the businesses but at the same time in these conditions some businesses prosper and avail some growth opportunities (Robinson and et al., 1978; Thompson, 2002). Economic condition of the current era is also the worst one of its kind. Which resulted in the low demand for the housing and real estate and this can be judged from the declining trend in the UK and Dubai real estate businesses. Many large firms like Barretts homes in UK and Emaar stop there progress work on the ongoing projects and recent economic downturn in the Dubai World business is directly affected by Emaar company slump. Economic factor is the most important factoring the PEST analysis in the recent time. 2.1.4 Sociological What is occurring socially in markets in which businesses operates , population growth rate , age groups , career attitude , emphasis on safety , global warming .Demand for fashion , taste and rapidly changing trends in the sociocultural environment both provide with threats and opportunities to the businesses (Thompson , 2002 ; Pearce and Robinson, 2005). Products production and promotion strategies affect to the change in the behaviour and liking and disliking of the customer. Changing behaviour of the customers affects the ways of routine production and forced the businesses to change the formal procedures of designing and producing the product. The demographic factor must be considered by the organisations while doing the overseas businesses as the products and services needs variations. The structure, age and the people working has vital important while bearing the demand and demand for the particular product and services. 2.1.5 Technological Rapid changes in the technology has forced the companies to update there ways of doing the businesses to meet the demands and services of the customers. |technology in a way or other also benefited the organisations for cutting there cost by outsourcing etc. Various literatures in strategic management recognised technology (Capron and Glazer, 1987; Johnson and Scholes, 1993; Jan, 2002) for giving the competitive advantage to the organisation; technology is used for creating the model. Breakthrough in technology resulted in the invention of new industries which also poses the threat to the existing organisations in the market for its products and services , the affected firms must be alert themselves for coping with the new innovation threat from the new industries by enhancing the business techniques by adopting the new technology . New technology can provide a useful input and procedures for manufacturing the products and offering services. It all requires the well trained and skill ed staff and there is a need for heavy funding. 2.2 SWOT Analysis of the real estate business 2.2.1 Introduction Accessibility of resources and environmental opportunity is one thing and proper utilisation of these opportunities by the champion or the strategic leader is both different aspects of organisations efficiency. Evaluation of environment opportunities is very important by analysing and in direct relation to the strengths and weaknesses of the organisations resources and culture. The close relation between environment, values and resources results in the existence of real opportunities. Evaluating and analysing the organisations strengths and weaknesses in context to the environmental opportunities is generally known as SWOT analysis. While studying strategic and marketing analysis history SWOT is considered to be a very important tool. Who actually explored and invent SWOT not known, but the text books in 1972 on strategy and marketing has some of its features. It advocates on the importance of SWOT in a way that, it is a tool to measure the fitness of the organisation‘s strategies and its environment and also used to suggest that the ways to defend the organisation against its weaknesses and threats (Adams, 2005). SWOT is criticised in recent period because of its simplicity as both the management and people at the academic level use and apply this tool without considering the long term impact of their decisions using SWOT which normally useless. The SWOT concept has been conceived and achieved in that simple time when there were no theories like trade-offs of strategic theory not comes into existence (De Witt and Meyer, 1998) 2.2.2 Strengths Internal and external customer s can only analyse and determine the strong aspects of an organisation. Strength is a, Resources of the firm which gives the competitive advantage in the market and cause to serve or expected to serve in the market. In SWOT, strength of the organisation refers to the comparative advantage of the firms distinctive competence on the other firms in the marketplace. Strengths of the company arise from the resources edge of the organisation available to the firm from other organisation. 2.2.3 Weaknesses The firms weaknesses also not determined from organisations point of view but again from customers view point. Usually it is quite difficult for the firms to admit and acknowledge its mistakes and shortcomings but as far as the business ethics are considered, they must admit their weaknesses and work for its improvement. A weakness of a firm is a, â€Å"Limitation or deficiency in one or more resources or competencies relative to competitors that impedes a firms effective performance† * https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUm92tgPmzFdV8GeocT_OuHsGuGNh9ayPIW_8nnaqoS3ENVoQmZkTcblhWu4lzCGA8ER1ecHTF4oyRnADL5A7btVboc3lp1tqVqd6Hf5OXvJJ1n7HMTsFaePfzLlWR4MUuLFhGfKNND9k/s400/swot-analysis-image.png 25/12/09 2.2.4 Opportunities Organisations always try to continue to grow their business and opportunity is another major factor of SWOT which enables organisations to analyse the available opportunities in the marketplace to grow. Opportunities refer to the adaptation and use of new technology in the market, flexible government to encourage investment and new businesses, demographic and social patterns. Having an opportunity in the organisations environment is a big situation. Critical analysis of prior overlooked market segments, adaptation in competitive atmosphere, changes in technology and enhanced relationship between buyers or supplier relationship all refers to the strong opportunity for the firms growth. 2.2.5 Threats No one consider the threats what any business can face at any point of time during the course of their business , no matter with fact that they are not controllable , like, recent economic recession in the world , for which the world economy as a whole was not prepared . Here, it is very necessary for the strategic management of the organisation to be prepared themselves for the threats even in the peak time of their businesses. Threat considered being the major and unfavourable condition in the business life. Threats can also become the key factor in the firms current and future position. Threats refers to the easy entrance of the competitors in the market, slow grow rate , higher bargaining power of buyer or suppliers is another threat for the business and revised government regulations.(Adam, 2005) 2.3 Promotional strategies Every business needs to sell its product at an attractive price. For this reason the benefits of the products must be conveyed to the customers in a very smooth and easy way. In marketing, for addressing the benefits of the products to the customers directly, companies climb on the ladder of known as â€Å"promotion†. â€Å"Promotion is all about companies communicating with customers†. (Jobber, 2007) Walkers the UKs number one brand in grocery, which cover the lucrative market of over 37 percent. They are spending about  £17m on the advertising. It was heard that there is a nutrition shortage in children and the growing num

Indian Stereotypes Essay

A stereotype is a conforming idea about a group or race of people. When discussing Native Americans, many stereotypes do not accurately describe the identity of us. Racial stereotypes have always been around for as long as I can remember. Being a Native American male myself I can honestly say that I and my family have been subjected to it. I have been called a drunken Indian and my three and six year old daughters have been called â€Å"untamed heathens and savages† in public at a store by white people. The hurt and confusion on their little faces made me angry and hurt that they were subjected to that type of ignorant behavior and language by an adult. While I’ve experienced first- hand stereotyping I’ve come up with these stereotypes us Native Americans are subjected to. Native American’s in the US and Canada have always been portrayed as alcoholics, lazy, the wise elder, the aggressive drunk, Pocahontas (Indian princess), the loyal sidekick, obese and impoverished. In Hollywood films we’re portrayed as trackers and nature lovers. In the west we have to be tamed by the Cowboy because apparently we are so â€Å"wild†. While, historically American Indians were thought of as animals and are treated as such. Many still think that ALL Native Americans live in tipis, wear feathered war bonnets, lived only in the past, and Indians are stoic while having no sense of humor. Also that Indians are a vanished race. Native American’s are also portrayed as Warriors and Braves that you can find on the shirt of a high school student in North Dakota or on the Jersey of a football player in Kansas City. There’s also a notion that all Indians receive casino revenue per capita and free government money. One stereotype that persists is the idea that Native Americans great one another by putting a palm up and saying, â€Å"How†. Native Americans are commonly associated with many negative stereotypes and most of them do not accurately describe our culture.